No Surprises
There was little suspense when the awards were presented that night: the recipients had already been announced three months earlier. That all changed the following year, however, when the Academy decided to keep the results secret until the ceremony but gave a list in advance to newspapers for publication at 11 p.m. on the night of the Awards. This policy continued until 1940 when, much to the Academy’s consternation, the Los Angeles Times broke the embargo and published the names of the winners in its evening edition – which was readily available to guests arriving for the ceremony. That prompted the Academy in 1941 to adopt the sealed-envelope system still in use today.
Fifteen statuettes were awarded at the first ceremony for cinematic achievements in 1927 and 1928. The first Best Actor winner was acclaimed German tragedian Emil Jannings, who had to return to Europe before the ceremony. The Academy granted his request to receive the trophy early, making his statuette the very first Academy Award ever presented.
Public Interest Grows Quickly
The first presentation was the only one to escape a media audience; by the second year, enthusiasm for the Awards was such that a Los Angeles radio station produced a live one-hour broadcast of the event. The ceremony has been broadcast ever since.
The Academy continued to hand out the awards at banquets – held at the Ambassador and Biltmore hotels – until 1942, when increased attendance made these dinner ceremonies impractical. Starting with the 16th Oscar ceremony, which was held at Grauman’s Chinese Theatre in Hollywood, the event has always been held at a theater.
In 1953, the first televised Oscar ceremony enabled millions throughout the United States and Canada to watch the proceedings. Broadcasting in color began in 1966, affording home viewers a chance to fully experience the dazzling allure of the event. Since 1969, the Oscar show has been broadcast internationally, now reaching movie fans in over 200 countries.
More Academy Awards Milestones
- 1st Awards – Recognizing the need to honor achievements that didn’t fit into fixed categories, the Academy presented two special awards at the very first ceremony in 1929: one to Warner Bros. for producing the pioneering talking picture “The Jazz Singer,” and one to Charles Chaplin for producing, directing, writing and starring in “The Circus.”
- 2nd Awards – The number of categories was reduced from 12 to seven: two for acting and one each for Outstanding Picture, Directing, Writing, Cinematography and Art Direction. Since then, the number of awards has slowly increased.
- 7th Awards – Film Editing, Music Scoring, and Song were added to the categories honoring films released in 1934. The year also brought the first write-in campaign, seeking to nominate Bette Davis for her performance in “Of Human Bondage.” (Academy rules now prohibit write-ins on the final ballot.) Also that year, the Academy retained the accounting firm of Price Waterhouse to tabulate the ballots and ensure the secrecy of the results. The firm, now called PricewaterhouseCoopers, continues to tabulate the voting to this day.
- 9th Awards – The first Supporting Actor and Supporting Actress Academy Awards are presented, for performances in films of 1936. The honors went to Walter Brennan for “Come and Get it” and Gale Sondergaard for “Anthony Adverse.”
- 10th Awards – The Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award was presented for the first time at the ceremony held in 1938. The honor went to Darryl F. Zanuck.
- 12th Awards – Fred Sersen and E. H. Hansen of 20th Century Fox were the first winners of the Academy Award for Special Effects. They were honored for their work in the 1939 film “The Rains Came.”
- 14th Awards – In 1941, a documentary category appeared on the ballot for the first time.
- 20th Awards – The first special award to honor a foreign language motion picture was given in 1947 to the Italian film “Shoe-Shine.” Seven more special awards were presented before Foreign Language Film became an annual category in 1956.
- 21st Awards – Costume Design was added to the ballots for 1948.
- 25th Awards – For the first time, the Oscar presentation was televised. The NBC-TV and radio network carried the ceremony, honoring the films of 1952, live from Hollywood with Bob Hope as master of ceremonies, and from the NBC International Theatre in New York with Conrad Nagel as host.
- 29th Awards – The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award was established and Y. Frank Freeman was its first recipient.
- 36th Awards – The Special Effects Award was divided into Sound Effects and Special Visual Effects beginning with the honors for films released in 1963.
- 38th Awards – The Oscar ceremony in 1966 was the first to be televised in color.
- 41st Awards – The April 14, 1969, Oscar ceremony was the first major event held at the new Dorothy Chandler Pavilion of the Los Angeles County Music Center.
- 54th Awards – Makeup became an annual category, with Rick Baker winning for his work on the 1981 movie “An American Werewolf in London.” The Gordon E. Sawyer Award, recognizing technological contributions to the industry, was established.
- 74th Awards – The Animated Feature Film Award is added, with “Shrek” winning for 2001.
The Show Must Go On
Only three times in its more than 80-year history has the Academy Awards failed to take place as scheduled. The first was in 1938, when massive flooding in Los Angeles delayed the ceremony by a week. In 1968 the Awards ceremony was postponed from April 8 to April 10 out of respect for Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., who had been assassinated a few days earlier, and whose funeral was held on April 9. In 1981 the Awards were once again postponed, this time for 24 hours because of the assassination attempt on President Ronald Reagan.
In 2003, U.S. forces invaded Iraq on the Thursday before the telecast. The show went on as scheduled, but the red carpet was limited to the area immediately in front of the theater entrance, the red carpet bleachers were eliminated and the majority of the world’s press was disinvited. The next year, the red carpet was back in full force, with all its glamour and sizzle.
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You can read a full list of the nominees below:
BEST PICTURE
The Artist
War Horse
The Descendants
Moneyball
The Tree of Life
Midnight in Paris
The Help
Hugo
Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close
BEST DIRECTOR
Michel Hazanavicius — The Artist
Alexander Payne — The Descendants
Martin Scorsese — Hugo
Woody Allen — Midnight in Paris
Terrence Malick — The Tree of Life
BEST ACTOR
Demian Bichir — A Better Life
George Clooney — The Descendants
Jean Dujardin — The Artist
Gary Oldman — Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy
Brad Pitt — Moneyball
BEST ACTRESS
Glenn Close– Albert Nobbs
Viola Davis — The Help
Rooney Mara — The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
Meryl Streep — The Iron Lady
Michelle Williams — My Week with Marilyn
BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR
Jonah Hill — Moneyball
Kenneth Branagh — My Week with Marilyn
Max von Sydow — Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close
Nick Nolte — Warrior
Christopher Plummer — Beginners
BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS
Berenice Bejo — The Artist
Jessica Chastain — The Help
Melissa McCarthy — Bridesmaids
Janet McTeer — Albert Nobbs
Octavia Spencer — The Help
BEST ORIGINAL SCREENPLAY
The Artist — Michel Hazanavicius
Bridesmaids — Annie Mumolo & Kristen Wiig
Margin Call — J.C. Chandor
Midnight in Paris — Woody Allen
A Separation — Asghar Farhadi
BEST ADAPTED SCREENPLAY
The Descendants — Alexander Payne and Nat Faxon & Jim Rash
Hugo — John Logan
The Ides of March — George Clooney & Grant Heslov and Beau Willimon
Moneyball — Steven Zaillian, Aaron Sorkin, and Stan Chervin
Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy – Bridget O’Connor & Peter Straughan
BEST ANIMATED FEATURE
A Cat in Paris
Chico & Rita
Kung Fu Panda 2
Puss in Boots
Rango
BEST FOREIGN LANGUAGE FILM
A Separation
Footnote
In Darkness
Bullhead
Monsieur Lahzar
BEST DOCUMENTARY FEATURE
Pina
Hell and Back Again
If A Tree Falls: The Story of the Earth Liberation Front
Paradise Lost 3
Undefeated
BEST CINEMATOGRAPHY
The Artist
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
Hugo
The Tree of Life
War Horse
BEST ORIGINAL SCORE
The Adventures of Tintin
The Artist
Hugo
Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy
War Horse
BEST ORIGINAL SONG
“Man or Muppet” from The Muppets
“Real in Rio” from Rio
BEST EDITING
The Artist
The Descendants
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
Hugo
Moneyball
BEST ART DIRECTION
The Artist
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2
Hugo
Midnight in Paris
War Horse
BEST COSTUME DESIGN
Anonymous
The Artist
Hugo
Jane Eyre
W.E.
BEST MAKEUP
Albert Nobbs
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2
The Iron Lady
BEST VISUAL EFFECTS
Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2
Hugo
Real Steel
Rise of the Planet of the Apes
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
BEST SOUND MIXING
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
Moneyball
Hugo
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
War Horse
BEST SOUND EDITING
Drive
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
Transformers: Dark of the Moon
War Horse
BEST ANIMATED SHORT
Dimanche/Sunday
The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore
La Luna
A Morning Stroll
Wild Life
BEST LIVE ACTION SHORT
Pentecost
Raju
The Shore
Time Freak
Tuba Atlantic
BEST DOCUMENTARY SHORT
The Barber of Birmingham: Foot Soldier of the Civil Rights Movement
God Is the Bigger Elvis
Incident in New Baghdad
Saving Face
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BEST PICTURE OF THE YEAR LIST FROM 1ST ANNUAL ACADEMY AWARDS
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The 84th Academy Awards (2012)
Best Picture Nominies
War Horse
The Artist
The Descendants
Moneyball
The Tree of Life
Midnight in Paris
The Help
Hugo
Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close
The 83rd Academy Awards (2011)
Best Picture
The 82nd Academy Awards (2010)
Best Picture
The 81st Academy Awards (2009)
Best Picture
The 80th Academy Awards (2008)
Best Picture
The 79th Academy Awards (2007)
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The 78th Academy Awards (2006)
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The 77th Academy Awards (2005)
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The 76th Academy Awards (2004)
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The 75th Academy Awards (2003)
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The 74th Academy Awards (2002)
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The 73rd Academy Awards (2001)
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The 72nd Academy Awards (2000)
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The 71st Academy Awards (1999)
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The 70th Academy Awards (1998)
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The 69th Academy Awards (1997)
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The 68th Academy Awards (1996)
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The 67th Academy Awards (1995)
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The 66th Academy Awards (1994)
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The 65th Academy Awards (1993)
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The 64th Academy Awards (1992)
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The 63rd Academy Awards (1991)
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The 62nd Academy Awards (1990)
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The 61st Academy Awards (1989)
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The 60th Academy Awards (1988)
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The 59th Academy Awards (1987)
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The 58th Academy Awards (1986)
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The 57th Academy Awards (1985)
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The 56th Academy Awards (1984)
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The 55th Academy Awards (1983)
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The 54th Academy Awards (1982)
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The 53rd Academy Awards (1981)
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The 52nd Academy Awards (1980)
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The 51st Academy Awards (1979)
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The 50th Academy Awards (1978)
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The 49th Academy Awards (1977)
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The 48th Academy Awards (1976)
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The 47th Academy Awards (1975)
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The 46th Academy Awards (1974)
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The 45th Academy Awards (1973)
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The 44th Academy Awards (1972)
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The 43rd Academy Awards (1971)
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The 42nd Academy Awards (1970)
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The 41st Academy Awards (1969)
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The 40th Academy Awards (1968)
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The 39th Academy Awards (1967)
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The 38th Academy Awards (1966)
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The 37th Academy Awards (1965)
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The 36th Academy Awards (1964)
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The 35th Academy Awards (1963)
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The 34th Academy Awards (1962)
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The 33rd Academy Awards (1961)
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The 32nd Academy Awards (1960)
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The 31st Academy Awards (1959)
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The 30th Academy Awards (1958)
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The 29th Academy Awards (1957)
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The 28th Academy Awards (1956)
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The 27th Academy Awards (1955)
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The 26th Academy Awards (1954)
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The 25th Academy Awards (1953)
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The 24th Academy Awards (1952)
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The 23rd Academy Awards (1951)
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The 22nd Academy Awards (1950)
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The 21st Academy Awards (1949)
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The 20th Academy Awards (1948)
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The 19th Academy Awards (1947)
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The 18th Academy Awards (1946)
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The 17th Academy Awards (1945)
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The 16th Academy Awards (1944)
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The 15th Academy Awards (1943)
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The 14th Academy Awards (1942)
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The 13th Academy Awards (1941)
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The 12th Academy Awards (1940)
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The 11th Academy Awards (1939)
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The 10th Academy Awards (1938)
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The 9th Academy Awards (1937)
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The 8th Academy Awards (1936)
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The 7th Academy Awards (1935)
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The 6th Academy Awards (1934)
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The 5th Academy Awards (1932)
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The 4th Academy Awards (1931)
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The 3rd Academy Awards (1930)
Best Picture
The 2nd Academy Awards (1930)
Best Picture
The 1st Academy Awards (1929)
Best Picture